The beginning of any creative design event has always been accompanied by questions in the designer's mind; Because this ups and downs and full of ambiguity, which includes different stages and activities, leads the designer to multiple answers, each of which includes obvious and hidden angles of the subject. In this sense, the design process in each of the topics and stages is fraught with challenges. But what is particularly important in this direction is the starting point of the design and the ideation stage, which results in the formation of the primary generator as the idea and the coherence of the design. In this regard, taking advantage of the effects of the context and design context can be considered as a very important and influential starting point in the architectural design process. However, the effects of the design context and context can be considered as a very important and influential starting point in the architectural design process. In view of the above, the present study was conducted with the aim of explaining and analyzing the contextualism indicators in the design process. Using in-depth interviews with experts in the field of architecture and urban planning, including university professors and professional architects, the characteristics of contextualism extracted from the studies of the first step of research in the design process were analyzed; Finally, the results indicate the impact of physical, spatial and material qualities as well as human, social and cultural dimensions of the existing context. However, the influence of other characteristics of the field in this important can not be denied.

Web spam is one of the signi cant problems facing search engines. It wastes sources and time, decreases the quality of results and leads to user discontent. The two main approaches to the detection spam web pages are link and content-based analysis. In this study, we mainly focus on content-based analysis in both user-visible text and the source code of a web page to propose a set of features for web spam detection. we explore the relationship between types and frequency of HTML (HyperText Markup Language) tags used in a web page source code. We also examine the structure of the URL as the other source of information. Finally, the content of a web page visible to the user is considered semantically in order to identify relevance among the number of the existing topics in the text as well as the coherence of a text using Latent Dirichlet Allocation. Experimental results show that the proposed features increases the index of balanced accuracy from 0. 33 to 0. 69 and improves the web spam detection rate.

Stressful life and reduced well-being have always been an issue of lifestyle in modern society. Constructing a multidisciplinary conceptual framework of environmental tranquility and quality of life is required for the field of architectural development, improved environmental quality, and enhanced human well-being. This paper reviews the main concepts of tranquility, environmental quality, and quality of life and presents examples of the relevant underlying conceptual models. Environmental tranquility has been researched quite broadly and therefore defined in a variety of ways. In this study, various definitions of the concept are reviewed and synthesized into a descriptive model based on the relationship among human needs, environment, and tranquility, depending on environmental, architectural, and urban features. The present study adheres to a qualitative exploratory design and uses content analysis based on an interpretive paradigm. For data collection, we employed a documentary and library method together with an argumentative approach to deepen the understanding of the issue and provide a descriptive model of environmental tranquility based on the theoretical grounds of tranquility in the fields of environmental psychology, social sciences, applied acoustics and landscape, and urban planning. The framework organizes the related concepts of environmental tranquility in relation to human needs in terms of spiritual, psychological, social, and physical environment features. Finally, the model of environmental tranquility is presented according to the authors' perception of previous models. In our suggested model, all environment types have reciprocal relationship with tranquility, and the highest type of tranquility is considered the Reassured Soul and Genius Loci that is more permanent and effective. Besides, the model depicts a multidimensional and conceptual definition of tranquility in relation to environment, human, and architectural-urban features. This study may offer helpful insights to stimulate new research, investigate multidimensionality, create operational definitions for quantitative studies, and guide semi-structured interviews for qualitative interdisciplinary studies.

Today, Islamic architecture manifests and evokes a kind of attitude towards the world of existence, which illuminates the intellectual and structural power of man. This article tries to define excellence, culture, Islamic architecture and the teachings of Islam and the capacities of each and how they interact with each other from the perspective of Islam (based on the teachings of Islam), the relationship between them with a practical model in the field of Islamic architecture. and present a definition of Islamic architecture based on the exaltation of human cultural values. The research method is descriptive-analytical-fundamental logical reasoning. Logical inference proves that proper Islamic architecture can have capabilities corresponding to the levels of human existence and existence, and it helps people to find a proper understanding of the levels of the universe by using the values of human cultural excellence. According to the concepts, meanings and symbols of Islamic architecture and human excellence in religious teachings and the principles and rules of Islam in architecture, it can be concluded that the architectural features that influence human excellence are classified into six groups: the source of perfection and the path to God, avoidance of futility Harim, faith in God and Prophets, adornment and avoiding boasting and proper status; Each category takes advantage of its specific Islamic architectural features: multiplicity to unity and unity to multiplicity, dome, minaret, altar, avoidance of futility, hierarchy and introversion, light and centrality, sun, color and inscription, hierarchy and rhythm. And they are influenced and influenced by repetition.

The approximate one century of Ilkhanid dominions in Iran, was a priory in flourishing such an innovation styles of architectural and Urban designing in Islamic ages of which clarifying its different dimensions has been less considered. Parallel to this attitude, investigating the architectural form of Ali Shah’ s Mosque in terms of the greatest ever made religious architecture in Iran would be among the most prominent issues related to the medieval construction methods during Islamic ages. Using descriptive analytical methods besides library studies as well as reviewing historical documents around Ali Shah’ s Mosque in Tabriz and its overlapping with archaeological excavation’ s results followed by in Ali Shah site, this project is aimed to recognize the architectural combination and the spatial appearance of Ali Shah Mosque. According to the results and considering the sequence of religious architectural movement through Ilkhanid era, it is obvious that aside from the usual construction language that can be seen in Ghazaniya and Sultaniya, focusing on bilateral units, not only the loftiest ever made arch of Islamic world was made in Ali Shah’ s span, but also one of the highest chamber dome of those ages had been created in this structure.

One of the most traditional architecture and urban planning patterns is bazaar. The aim of this paper is studying social, economical and architectural features of traditional bazaars. The claim of this study is that they are significant relationship between social and economical values of bazaars with their architectural values. Bazaar usually is located along the main routes of the city and extended to the city center. Most activities and exchanges of city happen in the bazaar. In the past, the bazaar was a place for the transfer of customs, traditions, ideas and practices of social behavior and social life. Bazaar as a social media and social network, bazaar a source of social capital, forming micro funds are the greatest economically and socially achievements in the traditional bazaar. Wakf in addition has socially and economically important functions in day-life and urban activities, also has in physical aspects vital roles in shaping Islamic cities especially Iranian cites and bazaars. One of the most important features of bazaar’s set is formation guild organizations, socio-political, and the founder of this organization, which may be composed of civil society. Most of these activities and values are related to architectural and physical features of bazaar.

Objective: Hospitals and medical centers, as places that provide health services, play an essential role in increasing patient satisfaction, reducing stress, and promoting health in patients, as well as training medical staff. This study aims to identify some traditional medicine centers in the world and assess their architectural features. Methods: This is a review study using descriptive survey method. Information were collected from traditional medicine books and online sources using a library method. While reviewing the design of 4 traditional medicine centers, it tries to propose designs to improve the physical and mental states of patients in these centers. Results: Sufficient light, color, decorations and motifs, natural construction materials, and diversity in creating green space were the important parameters in designing traditional medicine centers. Conclusion: It is possible to control the temperament (Mizaj) balance and find a specific architectural pattern by designing traditional medicine centers based on the mentioned parameters. Due to the importance of these parameters and their psychological impact on patients, they can be used for improvement of mental health in the community.

Traditionally Iranian societies have been particularly concerned with their cleanliness. This concern was intensified with their conversion to Islam that made them subject to ritual duties. While the forms and structures of Iranian bathhouses evolved over the long time, their overall spatial arrangement patterns have been almost unaltered. The eldest public bathhouses in Fars Province, Southwest Iran, date back to Zand and Qajar periods. The present study investigates the structural patterns, proportions, and spatial interrelations as well as their correlation with climatic issues in order to explicate the role of regional climate in designing bathhouses in Fars during the Qajar era. Field investigation and library studies were conducted through evaluating the building plans and their major sections including the apodyterium (bineh), tepidarium (garmkhaneh), the passage in between (myiandar), and the service rooms at 14 bathhouses across the province, eight of which were located in warm and very warm and the remaining 5 in cold and moderate zones, paying special attention to their construction materials, proportions, ornaments, forms, and patterns of spatial arrangement as well as spatial, numerical and climatic relations. The results conveyed that: 1) the main spaces feature an octagonal plan as a standard architectural style. Hot, dry and semi-humid climates in the Southern parts of the province also featured a pothole room; 2) In both warm and cold climates, dominant construction materials consisted of stone, plaster, lime, and saruj; 3) The average length-width ratio of the whole bathhouse was estimated to be 1. 67-1 in warm and 1. 7-1 in cold climates; 4) The apodyterium always exceeds the tepidarium in size throughout the province. While the bathhouses in colder zones are smaller in average, their apodyterium and tepidarium together make a larger portion of the total area of the bathhouse; and 5) Generally speaking, karbandi (ribbed vaults or decorative gypsum lines on the vaults) is the dominant decorative element.